You produce hybrid seeds through cross-pollination of two specific, but different varieties. Usually to combine the desired characteristics in each of them. For example, one tomato plant may withstand longer times with less water. While the other produces tomatoes vigorously. By crossing both varieties, you can get hybrid seeds from the resulting tomato. These seeds may turn to plants that are able to withstand longer times with less water while producing tomatoes vigorously. However, the next generation of seeds produced by hybrid plants will consistently have the same desired characteristics. Therefore, you can engineer the seed to your desired output of your crop.

Seeds undergo treatments to prevent diseases and keep away pests. Chemical seed treatment typically consists of applying pesticides, fungicides, insecticides, etc. Using specialised equipment, you usually apply these chemicals as dust or film coatings. And in some cases, as pellets. You can also apply other substances to make the seed strong. Substances such as growth stimulants and other micronutrients. Most treated seeds also come in different coated colors. This is used as an indicator that the seeds are chemically treated and are not to be consumed or used as feeds.